What is paracetamol and what is it used for?
Posted on Sep 22, 2025 / Health
Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen in the United States and Canada, is one of the most widely used over-the-counter medicines in the world. It belongs to the group of painkillers and fever reducers, making it a go-to option for everyday health issues. Many people take it to ease headaches, muscle aches, back pain, toothaches, arthritis, or to lower fever caused by infections like colds or flu. It is often chosen because it’s generally considered safer for the stomach compared to drugs like ibuprofen or aspirin, which can irritate the stomach lining. Paracetamol can be taken by both adults and children, but it’s very important to follow the correct dosage, since taking too much can cause serious liver damage.
How does paracetamol work in the body?
Unlike some other painkillers, paracetamol does not reduce inflammation but instead works mainly by blocking pain signals in the brain and lowering body temperature when you have a fever. Scientists believe it acts on the central nervous system, reducing the production of certain chemicals called prostaglandins that normally make you feel pain or raise your temperature. Because of this, it is especially effective for mild to moderate pain relief and for bringing down fevers. It is less effective for swelling or strong inflammatory conditions, which is why doctors sometimes recommend combining or switching to anti-inflammatory medications for certain problems.
When should you use paracetamol?
You can use paracetamol whenever you have mild to moderate pain or a fever that makes you feel uncomfortable. It is often recommended as a first choice for children and pregnant women when fever or pain needs to be treated, provided it is taken under proper medical advice. Many cold and flu remedies on the market already contain paracetamol, so it’s important to check labels carefully to avoid accidentally doubling your dose. If you are using it to control a fever, doctors usually recommend combining it with rest, fluids, and other supportive care. If pain or fever persists for more than a few days, it is always best to consult a healthcare professional instead of relying solely on paracetamol.
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